Finances

See also Payment, Blockchain, See also Hosting#E-commerce

Income

• http://www.thesalarycalculator.co.uk/

• http://matthewpaulmoore.com/post/50662524038/do-customers-pay-for-your-b2b-product-in-a-cost-center

• http://doubleyourfreelancingrate.com/
  • https://training.kalzumeus.com/newsletters/archive/consulting_1

• http://makaluinc.com/blog/2012/11/how-to-calculate-an-hourly-rate.html

• https://planscope.io/blog/the-freelancers-guide-to-recurring-revenue/ [1]

• http://www.contractorcalculator.co.uk/
• http://www.contractorcalculator.co.uk/charging_clients_retainer_how_they_work.aspx

• http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/

Pricing

Some ideas

Cloud Web Design

• Business Card, Articles, Blogging, Image Galleries, etc.
• WordPress.com, Tumblr.com, etc.
• From £400.
• Plus costs (£40/yr for theme & ad-free, plus domain).

Web Site Design and Build

• Self-hosted Drupal site with bespoke configuration and theme
• Using process estimation tools vs. budget
• From £650 (5 days), at £130 a day
• SSL cert. extra

Hosting and maintenance

• £15/mth for hosting, plus security upgrades

Support, Training, Consultancy £25/hr for additional backend or administration support, or £100 for a full day consultation.

Cloud site setup and custom theme, from £400, or a full site with bespoke backend and custom theme, starting at £650.

• http://wunderkraut.com/blog/how-to-fail-in-a-drupal-project-fixed-price-contracts/2013-07-10
• http://tracerbullets.wordpress.com/2013/09/05/i-have-another-bull-in-the-next-field/
• http://www.reddit.com/r/web_design/comments/1mftyi/screwed_by_paypal_what_marketplacespayment/cc8yf4n
• http://nathanpowell.me/blog/more-clients-for-your-business/

• http://standtomake.com/

• https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/648/how-to-respond-when-you-are-asked-for-an-estimate [2]

• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12753999

• https://www.acquisition.gov/?q=browse/far/16 - contract types

Sales

• Beginner's Guide to Sales

• Ultimate Guide to SaaS Pricing by KISSmetric

• Pricing Tables: Examples And Best Practices

• Are “Shameless Plugs” Worth It? Some data

• The Horizontal Distribution Hack - “Send Your Friends a Diwali Gift” went viral in India the way “Free Gfits” never did. “Crazy Taxi” went viral the way “Free Flash Games” never did. “Seinfeld TV Quote Quiz” went viral the way “TV Quotes Quiz” never did. And the best part? This still works today. And even more powerfully on mobile.

• Business models [3]

• http://thenextweb.com/insider/2015/12/18/i-analyzed-250-saas-pricing-pages-heres-what-i-found/ [4]

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_label - Private-label products or services are typically those manufactured or provided by one company for offer under another company's brand. Private-label goods and services are available in a wide range of industries from food to cosmetics to web hosting. They are often positioned as lower-cost alternatives to regional, national or international brands, although recently some private label brands have been positioned as "premium" brands to compete with existing "name" brands.

• https://www.reddit.com/r/PrivateLabeling

Accounting

• http://www.accountingweb.co.uk/

• http://static.steve.org.uk/expenses

• YouTube: Do I Pay Tax on YouTube Earnings? Tax on Small Income (In the UK in 2018) - Andy Mac Drums

• YouTube: It's UK Tax Time And You Need To Sort Your Receipts! - Andy Mac Drums

General

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accounting

• YouTube: What is Cash Basis or Cash Accounting? UK Self Employment Tax Tips

• https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cashaccounting.asp

• https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/accrualaccounting.asp

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accrual#Accruals_in_accounting

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_expense - operating expenditure, operational expense, operational expenditure or opex is an ongoing cost for running a product, business, or system. In business, an operating expense is a day-to-day expense such as sales and administration, or research & development, as opposed to production, costs, and pricing. In short, this is the money the business spends in order to turn inventory into throughput. On an income statement, "operating expenses" is the sum of a business's operating expenses for a period of time, such as a month or year.

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_expenditure - or capital expense (capex) is the money a company spends to buy, maintain, or improve its fixed assets, such as buildings, vehicles, equipment, or land. It is considered a capital expenditure when the asset is newly purchased or when money is used towards extending the useful life of an existing asset, such as repairing the roof.

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_statement

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_statement

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_sheet

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bookkeeping

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-entry_bookkeeping_system

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-entry_bookkeeping

• So, you want to learn Bookkeeping!

Software

• GnuCash is personal and small-business financial-accounting software, designed to be easy to use, yet powerful and flexible. Allows you to track bank accounts, stocks, income and expenses. As quick and intuitive to use as a checkbook register, it is based on professional accounting principles to ensure balanced books and accurate reports.
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GnuCash

• KMyMoney is a personal finance manager for KDE. It enables users of open source operating systems to keep careful track of their personal finances by providing a broad array of financial features and tools.

• Ledger is a powerful, double-entry accounting system that is accessed from the UNIX command-line.

• jGnash is a free (no strings attached!) personal finance manager with many of the same features as commercially-available software. It was created in order to make tracking your personal finances easy, but also provides the functionality required by advanced users. Java.

• iFreeBudget is a simple tool for personal finance manager and budgeting application. It is designed and written to be intuitive and easy to use for home and small business users. iFreeBudget uses double entry accounting. iFreeBudget is open source and free. Java.

• Budgeter is a program designed to help individuals keep track of their money. It can always tell you how much money you have available now, as long as you enter all your transactions into it. In addition, it can summarise your past transactions to show you how you have spent your money up until this point. It allows you to categorise money and transactions to help make sense of expenses and to plan.

• Buddi is a personal finance and budgeting program, aimed at those who have little or no financial background.

• Grisbi is a very functional personal financial management program with a reasonable set of homefinance features.
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grisbi

• HomeBank is free software that will assist you to manage your personal accounting. It is designed to easy to use and be able to analyse your personal finance in detail using powerful filtering tools and graphs.
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HomeBank

• dsBudget is a simple, open source budgeting program for everyone. With dsBudget, you can save money by understanding where you spend your money.

• Dough is a free envelope budgeting application. It's designed to be both simple and attractive whilst being very effective at helping you keep in control of your spending.

• Yapbam is a personal bank account manager.

• SwingTix Bookkeeper - A double-entry bookkeeping system.

• Manager includes key accounting modules, tax functions and features that streamline data entry and accounting procedures.

• http://ledger-cli.org/ [5]

• http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/ [6]

• https://github.com/hrj/abandon

Services

• http://www.freeagent.com/?referrer=33dgfkb0 - rachel's code

• PocketSmith - The personal finance app with cashflow forecasting

• http://m.trykeep.com/ [7]

• https://www.xero.com/uk/

• BillGuard is a personal finance security and productivity company. Its mobile and website application scans credit card and debit card transactions, alerting users to possible scams, billing errors, fraudulent charges and hidden fees.

• http://thenextweb.com/apps/2014/06/19/billguard-now-helps-brits-aussies-new-zealanders-combat-credit-card-fraud-hidden-merchant-fees/

Budgeting

• Spreadsheet skills: no time series problems – period!
• Example Cash Flow Forecast

• Allocated Spending Plan FAQ

• Wikipedia:4–4–5 calendar
• How many weeks in a month?
• Calendar for year 2013 (United Kingdom)

5 week month = 5 mondays (?)

• http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2006-01-18/better-business-through-budgeting

• https://github.com/psobot/secalculator

Scripts

• Google Docs Template Gallery: budget
• Google Docs Template Gallery: timesheet

Invoicing

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invoice

Templates

• http://www.contractoruk.com/limited_companies/free_invoice_template.html

Open source systems

• http://www.siwapp.org/

• http://www.jbilling.com/community

Services

• http://www.bookkeepy.co.uk/ - nice and clean

• https://www.invoicejournal.com/ - popped up via hn

• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5873442

• http://curdbee.com/pricing/ - free branded teir

• https://www.invoiceninja.com/ [8]
  • https://github.com/hillelcoren/invoice-ninja

• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8075443

• https://www.paytango.com/ [9]

• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8172867 - free

Payment

• Ask HN: How do you get paid for remote freelance work?

• Client won’t pay, my final resort
• Mike Monteiro: Fuck You, Pay Me

Credit notes

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_note

• http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/vat/managing/special-situations/returned-goods.htm

Benefits / credits

Government tax credits and other benefits.

• http://www.adviceguide.org.uk/scotland/work_s/work_self_employed_or_looking_for_work_s.htm
• http://www.adviceguide.org.uk/scotland/benefits_s/benefits_in_work_or_looking_for_work_s/benefits_and_tax_credits_for_people_in_work.htm

• http://www.revenuebenefits.org.uk/

• https://www.gov.uk/taxable-income/taxfree-state-benefits

• http://entitledto.co.uk/

National Insurance

• https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance-credits/eligibility

Needs Certificate of Small Earnings Exception (SEE).

• https://www.gov.uk/self-employed-national-insurance-rates

• Up to £5,595 @ £0 with exception
• £5,595 - £7,604 @ £2.65 a week
• £7,605 - £42,475 @ same, plus 9% of profits between

Housing Benefit

• http://www.adviceguide.org.uk/scotland/benefits_s/benefits_help_if_on_a_low_income_s/help_with_your_rent_-_housing_benefit.htm

Council Tax

• http://www.saa.gov.uk/ - search for band

• https://www.gov.uk/council-tax-benefit/overview

Housing Benefit

• https://www.gov.uk/housing-benefit

Job Grant

• https://www.gov.uk/job-grant

JSA

Max 16 hours work a week.

£5, then minus and money earned.

Universal Credit

Coming October 2013.

• http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/taxcredits/universal-credit.htm
• http://www.dwp.gov.uk/policy/welfare-reform/universal-credit/

Tax

• http://search2.hmrc.gov.uk/kb5/hmrc/contactus/home.page

• http://www.dutycalculator.com/

• https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/116568/response/284500/attach/html/2/FOI%201893%2012%20C%20Abbass%20response.pdf.html

Law

• Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988
  • Interpretation of Income Tax Acts

• Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003
  • Employment income: charge to tax

Self-assessment

• https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns
• https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment
• https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns/deadlines

• http://www.gateway.gov.uk/

Working Tax Credit

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working_tax_credit

• https://www.gov.uk/working-tax-credit/overview

• https://www.gov.uk/topic/benefits-credits/tax-credits

• https://www.gov.uk/working-tax-credit/eligibility

• https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-calculator

• https://www.gov.uk/renewing-your-tax-credits-claim

• https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-working-out-income

• https://www.gov.uk/changes-affect-tax-credits

For a single person, minimum 30 hours work a week, receive up to £790 a year. Limit to income is £13,000 per annum.

Tax Credit Helpline: 0345 300 3900

• https://www.gov.uk/how-tax-credits-affect-other-benefits

• http://revenuebenefits.org.uk/tax-credits/guidance/how-do-tax-credits-work/what-is-income/income-from-self-employment-or-trading-income/

NHS help

• gov.scot: Are You Entitled to Help with Health Costs (HCS1)
  • [gov.scot: http://www.gov.scot/Publications/2012/05/9246/7 NHS optical vouchers (towards the cost of glasses or contact lenses)]

• NHS Business Services Authority
  • NHS Low Income Scheme
  • NHS Business Services Authority Knowledge Base

etc

• Business Income Manual

• Keeping records for tax
• Tax allowances and reliefs if you're self-employed

• https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-working-out-income
• http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/working/intro/employed.htm

• http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/incometax/codes-basics.htm

• Class 2 National Insurance contributions

• http://www.easyaccountancy.co.uk/about/freelancer_sole_trader_take_home_calculator.html

• http://www.smallbusinesspro.co.uk/tax/sole-trader-tax.html
• http://www.easyaccountancy.co.uk/faqcentre/self_employed_faq.html

Sole traders’ tax responsibilities:

• send a Self Assessment tax return every year
• pay Income Tax on the profits your business makes
• pay National Insurance
• register for VAT if you expect your business’ takings to be more than £77,000 a year.

Limited Company: Any profit it makes is owned by the company, after it pays Corporation Tax. The company can then share its profits.

• http://www.revenuebenefits.org.uk/tax-credits/guidance/how-do-tax-credits-work/self-employed/

• https://online.hmrc.gov.uk/registration/newbusiness

• http://www.contractoruk.com/limited_companies/contractor_taxes.html

Tools

• http://www.easyaccountancy.co.uk/about/freelancer_sole_trader_take_home_calculator.html

• http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/tools/sa-ready-reckoner/index.htm - ni calc

other

• http://www.launchside.com/blog/llc-vs-s-corp-vs-c-corp/ - usa startup taxes

VAT

• VATLive

• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8767498

Credit Unions

• http://abcul.org/

• http://www.abculscotland.coop/

Banks

• http://www.moveyourmoney.org.uk/

• https://getmondo.co.uk/blog/2016/01/20/how-do-bank-payments-work/ [10]

Tridos

• http://triodos.co.uk

"We do not provide counter banking services from our Edinburgh office (or indeed any of our UK offices) but are pleased to meet with business customers who have a pre-arranged appointment."

Co-operative

• http://co-operativebank.co.uk

Online service, no real-life access?

• http://www.smile.co.uk/
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smile_(bank)

Has branches under the name Britannia. One on George Street.

• http://www.britannia.co.uk/

• http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/jun/17/co-operative-bank-bail-in
• http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/10125254/Co-operative-Bank-faces-nationalisation-if-junior-bondholders-reject-haircut.html
• http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/coop-saved-but-banks-face-shakeup-in-pivotal-week-8661174.html
• http://moneyweek.com/what-happens-to-co-op-bond-now/

P2P lending

• http://www.ratesetter.com/

Markets

• http://www.interactivebrokers.com/
• https://www.loyal3.com/home

• http://www.quantstart.com/articles/Quantitative-Finance-Reading-List

• http://www.nanex.net/FlashCrash/OngoingResearch.html

• http://advisorperspectives.com/dshort/

• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6831461

Software

• Grism is an open source stock market observation tool. It allows you to easily track the evolution of stock prices through watchlists, portfolios and charts.

• http://money.stackexchange.com/questions/7247/where-can-i-find-open-source-portfolio-management-software

Credit rating

• https://www.noddle.co.uk/

Currency

See also Cryptocurrency

• http://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/
• http://www.mycurrencytransfer.com/currency-converter

• http://www.bijlmereuro.net/

• https://github.com/samyk/magspoof [11]