Drugs

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General

See also Being#Drugs 2 (to merge with)



The purpose of ICH is to reduce or eliminate the need to duplicate the testing carried out during the research and development of new medicines by recommending ways to achieve greater harmonisation in the interpretation and application of technical guidelines and requirements for product registration. Harmonisation would lead to a more economical use of human, non-human animal and material resources, and the elimination of unnecessary delay in the global development and availability of new medicines while maintaining safeguards on quality, safety, and efficacy, and regulatory obligations to protect public health.



  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 - refers to the concentration of a drug, antibody or toxicant which induces a response halfway between the baseline and maximum after a specified exposure time. It is commonly used as a measure of drug's potency.








Psychoactive

Pain killers


  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-inflammatory - refers to the property of a substance or treatment that reduces inflammation or swelling. Anti-inflammatory drugs make up about half of analgesics, remedying pain by reducing inflammation as opposed to opioids, which affect the central nervous system.

Opioids

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioid_receptor - a group of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptors with opioids as ligands. The endogenous opioids are dynorphins, enkephalins, endorphins, endomorphins and nociceptin. The opioid receptors are ~40% identical to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). Opioid receptors are distributed widely in the brain, and are found in the spinal cord and digestive tract.

Muscle

Smoking

Nicotine


Electronic

Hookah

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hookah - also known as a waterpipe, narghile, arghila, qalyān, or shisha, is a single or multi-stemmed instrument for vaporizing and smoking flavored tobacco called shisha in which the vapor or smoke is passed through a water basin ‒ often glass-based ‒ before inhalation.

Herbal

From Norman and Tom; Chamomile is great on its own but with a little (3/2) elderflower mixed in is also very nice. There's also premade 'greengrow' in Real Foods that's eucalyptus, hazel leaf, papaya and mint. Coltsfoot is a classic, grows abundantly but maybe best in the springtime. Raspberry leaf is great also (you buy it as loose leaf herbal tea).

Cannabis

Benzodiazepine

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenazepam - developed in the Soviet Union in 1974 and now produced in Russia and some CIS countries. Phenazepam is used in the treatment of neurological disorders such as epilepsy, alcohol withdrawal syndrome and insomnia. It can be used as a premedication before surgery as it augments the effects of anesthetics and reduces anxiety.
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flubromazepam - a structural analog of phenazepam

Imidazopyridine

Substituted amphetamine

Stimulant

Empathogen-entactogen

MDMA


Dissociative

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociative - a class of hallucinogen, which distort perceptions of sight and sound and produce feelings of detachment - dissociation - from the environment and self. This is done through reducing or blocking signals to the conscious mind from other parts of the brain. Although many kinds of drugs are capable of such action, dissociatives are unique in that they do so in such a way that they produce hallucinogenic effects, which may include sensory deprivation, dissociation, hallucinations, and dream-like states or trances. Some, which are nonselective in action and affect the dopamine and/or opioid] systems, may be capable of inducing euphoria. Many dissociatives have general depressant effects and can produce sedation, respiratory depression, analgesia, anesthesia, and ataxia, as well as cognitive and memory impairment and amnesia.


..

Nitrous oxide


  • binaureal tones; 8800hz, 4400hz/ 5440hz? ish. others?

Ketamine

Ketamine induced a range of perceptual distortions, but not hallucinations. Referential ideas were seen in nearly half the sample. There were only mild and infrequent ratings on the thought disorder scale. Affective flattening and alogia were seen in some volunteers.

Ketamine does not reproduce the full picture of schizophrenia. The main point of similarity concerns referential thinking. Phenomena resembling negative symptoms are also seen, but the distinction of these from the drug’s sedative effects requires further elucidation.




Other

Hallucinogen

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychonautics - refers both to a methodology for describing and explaining the subjective effects of altered states of consciousness, including those induced by meditation or mind altering substances, and to a research paradigm in which the researcher voluntarily immerses himself or herself into an altered state by means of such techniques, as a means to explore human experience and existence.


  • MAPS - Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies




LSD

LSA

2C-X

DMT

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethyltryptamine - N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT or N,N-DMT) is a psychedelic compound of the tryptamine family. Since DMT resembles the basic structure of neurotransmitters, when ingested, DMT is able to cross the human blood-brain-barrier, allowing it to act as a powerful hallucinogenic drug that dramatically affects human consciousness.

Depending on the dose and method of administration, its subjective effects can range from short-lived, milder psychedelic states to powerful immersive experiences; these are often described as a total loss of connection to external reality and an experience of encountering indescribable spiritual/alien beings and realms.

DMT is structurally analogous to the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) and the hormone melatonin, and furthermore functionally analogous to other psychedelic tryptamines, such as 5-MeO-DMT, bufotenin, psilocin, and psilocybin.

  • [MIND DMT: The Spirit Molecule - Alex Grey]

Psilocin

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybin - Prodrug of psilocin. In general, the effects include euphoria, visual and mental hallucinations, changes in perception, a distorted sense of time, and spiritual experiences, and can include possible adverse reactions such as nausea and panic attacks.


Ayahuasca

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayahuasca - also yagé, a psychedelic brew made out of Banisteriopsis caapi vine alone or in combination with various plants. It is either mixed with the leaves of dimethyltryptamine (DMT)-containing species of shrubs from the genus Psychotria or with the leaves of the Justicia pectoralis plant which does not contain DMT. It has been reported that some effects can be felt from consuming the caapi vine alone, but that DMT-containing plants (such as Psychotria) remain inactive when drunk as a brew without a source of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) such as B. caapi.
  • YouTube: Present! - Ayahuasca - Psychologist and consciousness researcher, Stanley Krippner, offers unique insights into the sacred Amazonian medicinal drink, Ayahuasca.

Iboga

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabernanthe_iboga - stimulates the central nervous system when taken in small doses and induces visions in larger doses. the bark of the root is chewed for various pharmacological or ritualistic purposes. also used to treat substance abuse disorders and depression.
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bwiti - a spiritual discipline of the forest-dwelling Babongo and Mitsogo peoples of Gabon (where it is recognized as one of three official religions) and by the Fang people of Gabon and Cameroon. Modern Bwiti incorporates animism, ancestor worship and Christianity into a syncretistic belief system. Bwiti practitioners use the psychedelic, dissociative root bark of the Tabernanthe iboga plant, specially cultivated for the religion, to promote radical spiritual growth, to stabilize community and family structure, to meet religious requirements, and to resolve pathological problems.

Cactus

Other



Research chemicals

Nootropics

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racetam - a class of drugs that share a pyrrolidone nucleus. Many, such as piracetam, but not all, are considered nootropics. Some such as oxiracetam and phenylpiracetam are also stimulants. Others such as levetiracetam and seletracetam are anticonvulsants.



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