Economics
Economics
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microeconomics - a branch of economics that studies the behavior of individuals and firms in making decisions regarding the allocation of limited resources.
- http://www.unz.com/article/finance-is-not-the-economy/ https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12577005
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_model
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Economics_models
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Economics_theorems
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Economic_theories
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_efficiency - or Pareto optimality is a state of allocation of resources from which it is impossible to reallocate so as to make any one individual or preference criterion better off without making at least one individual or preference criterion worse off. The concept is named after Vilfredo Pareto (1848–1923), Italian engineer and economist, who used the concept in his studies of economic efficiency and income distribution.The Pareto frontier is the set of all Pareto efficient allocations, conventionally shown graphically. It also is variously known as the Pareto front or Pareto set.
A Pareto improvement is a change to a different allocation that makes at least one individual or preference criterion better off without making any other individual or preference criterion worse off, given a certain initial allocation of goods among a set of individuals. An allocation is defined as "Pareto efficient" or "Pareto optimal" when no further Pareto improvements can be made, in which case we are assumed to have reached Pareto optimality."Pareto efficiency" is considered as a minimal notion of efficiency that does not necessarily result in a socially desirable distribution of resources: it makes no statement about equality, or the overall well-being of a society. It is simply a statement of impossibility of improving one variable without harming other variables in the subject of multi-objective optimization (also termed Pareto optimization).
Besides economics, the notion of Pareto efficiency has been applied to the selection of alternatives in engineering and biology. Each option is first assessed, under multiple criteria, and then a subset of options is ostensibly identified with the property that no other option can categorically outperform the specified option.In addition to the context of efficiency in allocation, the concept of Pareto efficiency also arises in the context of efficiency in production: a set of outputs of goods is Pareto efficient if there is no feasible re-allocation of productive inputs such that output of one product increases while the outputs of all other goods either increase or remain the same.
- YouTube: Prof. Martin Chick - Time, Economics and a Political Economy of Britain since 1945 - The University of Edinburgh
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_economy - a third sector among economies between the private (business) and public sectors (government). It includes organizations such as cooperatives, nonprofit organizations and charities. Social economy theory attempts to situate these organizations into a broader political economic context. In particular it investigates the economic viability of cooperatives and the value of non-profit organizations and charities in traditional economic theory.
- Computing the Perfect Model: Why Do Economists Shun Simulation? https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7097734
- Moneyless.org - A Rich Life without Money. Tips, Blogs, Stories, Books